In 2015, Jose Antonio and a team from Nova Southeastern University studied 48 healthy, trained adults (men and women). They split them into two groups: one ate a normal protein diet (1.04 g/lb/day), the other a high protein diet (1.54 g/lb/day) from foods like beef protein, while both did the same heavy weight training program for 8 weeks.

In 2025, Bruna Bombassaro and team from the University of Campinas reviewed how dietary factors like caffeine, capsaicin, cinnamon, curcumin, resveratrol, and fatty acids (EPA, DHA, oleic acid) activate brown and beige adipose tissues (BAT) to burn calories via thermogenesis.