In 2025, researchers from the University of Cambridge studied patients with IBS-D and bile acid diarrhea, analyzing blood samples for the gut hormone INSL5 using a new test from Eli Lilly. They compared INSL5 levels in healthy people and those with chronic diarrhea.

In 2025, Baohua Zheng and team from Chinese hospitals analyzed NHANES data from 2005–2010 on 10,721 adults. They calculated creatine intake from meat sources over two days and checked links to gut issues like chronic constipation and diarrhea using stats that adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and health factors.